Working results 1
- Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{alignat}{2} \mathbf{q} & = \frac{2 \pi}{\lambda} \begin{bmatrix} \sin \theta_f \cos \alpha_f \\ \cos \theta_f \cos \alpha_f - 1 \\ \sin \alpha_f \end{bmatrix} \\ & = \frac{2 \pi}{\lambda} \begin{bmatrix} \sin \left( \arctan\left[ \frac{x}{d} \right] \right) \cos \left( \arctan \left[ \frac{z }{d / \cos \theta_f} \right] \right) \\ \cos \left( \arctan\left[ \frac{x}{d} \right] \right) \cos \left( \arctan \left[ \frac{z }{d / \cos \theta_f} \right] \right) - 1 \\ \sin \left( \arctan \left[ \frac{z }{d / \cos \theta_f} \right] \right) \end{bmatrix} \\ & = \frac{2 \pi}{\lambda} \begin{bmatrix} \frac{x/d}{\sqrt{1+\left(x/d \right)^2}} \frac{d}{\sqrt{d^2+z^2\cos^2 \theta_f}} \\ \frac{1}{\sqrt{1+\left(x/d \right)^2}} \frac{d}{\sqrt{d^2+z^2\cos^2 \theta_f}} - 1 \\ \frac{z \cos \theta_f}{\sqrt{d^2+z^2 \cos^2 \theta_f }} \end{bmatrix} \\ & = \frac{2 \pi}{\lambda} \begin{bmatrix} \frac{x d}{\sqrt{d^2+x^2 }} \frac{1}{\sqrt{d^2+z^2\cos^2 \theta_f}} \\ \frac{d}{\sqrt{d^2+x^2}} \frac{d}{\sqrt{d^2+z^2\cos^2 \theta_f}} - 1 \\ \frac{z \cos \theta_f}{\sqrt{d^2+z^2 \cos^2 \theta_f }} \end{bmatrix} \\ \end{alignat} }
Note that Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \cos \theta_f = d^2/\sqrt{d^2+x^2}}
, and Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \cos^2 \theta_f = d^4/(d^2+x^2)}
so:

And:
- Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{alignat}{2} \mathbf{q} & = \frac{2 \pi}{\lambda} \begin{bmatrix} \frac{x d}{\sqrt{d^2+x^2 }} \frac{\sqrt{d^2+x^2}}{d \sqrt{d^2 + x^2 + z^2 d^2 }} \\ \frac{d}{\sqrt{d^2+x^2}} \frac{d \sqrt{d^2+x^2}}{d \sqrt{d^2 + x^2 + z^2 d^2 }} - 1 \\ \frac{z \left( d^2/\sqrt{d^2+x^2} \right) \sqrt{d^2+x^2}}{d \sqrt{d^2 + x^2 + z^2 d^2 }} \end{bmatrix} \\ & = \frac{2 \pi}{\lambda} \begin{bmatrix} \frac{x}{ \sqrt{x^2 + d^2 + z^2 d^2 }} \\ \frac{d }{\sqrt{x^2 + d^2 + z^2 d^2 }} - 1 \\ \frac{z d }{\sqrt{x^2 + d^2 + z^2 d^2 }} \end{bmatrix} \\ \end{alignat} }
As a check:
Working results 2 (contains errors)
As a check of these results, consider:

Where we used:
- Failed to parse (MathML with SVG or PNG fallback (recommended for modern browsers and accessibility tools): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{alignat}{2} \sin( \arctan[u]) & = \frac{u}{\sqrt{1+u^2}} \\ \sin \theta_f & = \sin( \arctan [x/d] ) \\ & = \frac{x/d}{\sqrt{1 + (x/d)^2}} \\ & = \frac{x}{\sqrt{d^2+x^2}} \end{alignat} }
And, we further note that:
![{\displaystyle {\begin{alignedat}{2}\cos(\arctan[u])&={\frac {1}{\sqrt {1+u^{2}}}}\\\cos \theta _{f}&={\frac {1}{\sqrt {1+(x/d)^{2}}}}\\&={\frac {d^{2}}{\sqrt {d^{2}+x^{2}}}}\end{alignedat}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/584da470743b7feac2b55988526dabce5b4313c4)
Continuing:
