<?xml version="1.0"?>
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	<id>http://gisaxs.com/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Orientation_order_parameter</id>
	<title>Orientation order parameter - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://gisaxs.com/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Orientation_order_parameter"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=Orientation_order_parameter&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-04-08T19:58:21Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.31.7</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=Orientation_order_parameter&amp;diff=5757&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>KevinYager at 12:36, 15 June 2017</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=Orientation_order_parameter&amp;diff=5757&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2017-06-15T12:36:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 12:36, 15 June 2017&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l12&quot; &gt;Line 12:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 12:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* 0 &amp;lt; &amp;#039;&amp;#039;S&amp;#039;&amp;#039; &amp;lt; 1 denotes partial alignment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* 0 &amp;lt; &amp;#039;&amp;#039;S&amp;#039;&amp;#039; &amp;lt; 1 denotes partial alignment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;S&amp;#039;&amp;#039; = 0 denotes a completely random alignment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;S&amp;#039;&amp;#039; = 0 denotes a completely random alignment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;S&amp;#039;&amp;#039; = 1/2 denotes &amp;#039;anti-alignment&amp;#039; (against the director)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;S&amp;#039;&amp;#039; = &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;-&lt;/ins&gt;1/2 denotes &amp;#039;anti-alignment&amp;#039; (against the director)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Note that in two-dimensions, the order parameter has a different definition:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Note that in two-dimensions, the order parameter has a different definition:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>KevinYager</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=Orientation_order_parameter&amp;diff=5229&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>KevinYager at 21:49, 29 October 2015</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=Orientation_order_parameter&amp;diff=5229&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2015-10-29T21:49:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 21:49, 29 October 2015&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l6&quot; &gt;Line 6:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 6:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;\end{alignat}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;\end{alignat}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Where &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\scriptstyle \chi&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is the angle with respect to the director, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\scriptstyle P_2&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is the 2nd [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legendre_polynomials Legendre polynomial], and the angle-brackets denote averaging over all entities. In scattering, if &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\scriptstyle \chi&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is the angle around the scattering pattern, one can compute the order parameter for aligned systems. This quantity is often used in research of intrinsically anisotropic materials, such as liquid crystals.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Where &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\scriptstyle \chi&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is the angle with respect to the director, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\scriptstyle P_2&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is the 2nd [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legendre_polynomials Legendre polynomial], and the angle-brackets denote averaging over all entities. In &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/ins&gt;scattering&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/ins&gt;, if &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\scriptstyle \chi&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is the angle around the scattering pattern, one can compute the order parameter for aligned systems. This quantity is often used in research of intrinsically anisotropic materials, such as liquid crystals.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;The order parameter provides a convenient quantification of alignment:&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;S&amp;#039;&amp;#039; = 1 denotes perfect alignment (along the director).&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* 0 &amp;lt; &amp;#039;&amp;#039;S&amp;#039;&amp;#039; &amp;lt; 1 denotes partial alignment&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;S&amp;#039;&amp;#039; = 0 denotes a completely random alignment&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;S&amp;#039;&amp;#039; = 1/2 denotes &amp;#039;anti-alignment&amp;#039; (against the director)&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Note that in two-dimensions, the order parameter has a different definition:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Note that in two-dimensions, the order parameter has a different definition:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l15&quot; &gt;Line 15:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 21:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;\end{alignat}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;\end{alignat}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==Alternatives==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;For a highly-aligned system, one will observe a sharp peak (in the &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\scriptstyle \chi&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; direction), in which case one can also characterize the orientational spread by measuring the peak [[FWHM]], or fitting the peak to a Gaussian (to measure &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\scriptstyle \sigma_{\chi}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;). A more general possibility is to fit the scattering intensity along &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\scriptstyle \chi&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; to a function that has proper &amp;#039;circular wrapping&amp;#039; (c.f. [[circular orientation distribution function]]).&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>KevinYager</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=Orientation_order_parameter&amp;diff=5228&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>KevinYager: Created page with &quot;The alignment of a system can be characterized by calculating the orientation order parameter, &#039;&#039;S&#039;&#039;: :&lt;math&gt; \begin{alignat}{2} S &amp; = \langle P_2 ( \cos \chi ) \rangle \\  &amp; ...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=Orientation_order_parameter&amp;diff=5228&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2015-10-29T21:42:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;The alignment of a system can be characterized by calculating the orientation order parameter, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;S&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: :&amp;lt;math&amp;gt; \begin{alignat}{2} S &amp;amp; = \langle P_2 ( \cos \chi ) \rangle \\  &amp;amp; ...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;The alignment of a system can be characterized by calculating the orientation order parameter, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;S&amp;#039;&amp;#039;:&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
\begin{alignat}{2}&lt;br /&gt;
S &amp;amp; = \langle P_2 ( \cos \chi ) \rangle \\&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp; = \frac{ 3 \langle \cos^2 \chi \rangle  - 1} {2}&lt;br /&gt;
\end{alignat}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Where &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\scriptstyle \chi&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is the angle with respect to the director, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\scriptstyle P_2&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is the 2nd [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legendre_polynomials Legendre polynomial], and the angle-brackets denote averaging over all entities. In scattering, if &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\scriptstyle \chi&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is the angle around the scattering pattern, one can compute the order parameter for aligned systems. This quantity is often used in research of intrinsically anisotropic materials, such as liquid crystals.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that in two-dimensions, the order parameter has a different definition:&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
\begin{alignat}{2}&lt;br /&gt;
S &amp;amp; = 2 \langle \cos ^2 \chi \rangle - 1 \\&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;amp; = \langle \cos( 2 \chi) \rangle&lt;br /&gt;
\end{alignat}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>KevinYager</name></author>
		
	</entry>
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