[[Image:logo_CMS_20.png|thumb|200px|right]]

The '''Complex Materials Scattering''' ('''CMS''') [[beamline]] at [[NSLS-II]] is a [[synchrotron]] instrument focused on [[x-ray]] [[scattering]]. It is located at 11-BM ([[bending magnet]] port) on the NSLS-II floor, and features a [[three-pole wiggler]] source. It can perform [[SAXS]] and [[WAXS]] experiments, focusing on high-throughput and 'intelligent' machine-guided exploration of parameter spaces.

[[Image:CMS_beamline01.jpg|thumb|500px|center]]

==Capabilities==
CHX can perform a variety of experiments:
* [[SAXS]]
* [[GISAXS]]
* [[GTSAXS]]
* [[WAXS]]
* [[GIWAXS]]

==Performance==
===Energy===
* Can perform experiments from 10 keV to 17 keV.
* Energy resolution (double multilayers): 10−3

===q-range===
* 0.003 Å−1 to 4.2 Å−1 (209 nm to 0.15 nm)

===Resolution===
Ultimate resolution (detector pixel limited) is 0.0002 Å−1.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! beam size (mm)
! beam divergence (mrad)
! pixel size (mm)
! pixel FW @ 5 m (mrad)
! pixel FW @ 5 m, 13.5 keV (Å−1)
! resolution, FWHM (Å−1)
|-
|-
|-
| 0.200
| 0.10
| 0.172
| 0.03
| 0.00024
| 0.0007
|-
| 0.100
| 0.05
| 0.172
| 0.03
| 0.00024
| 0.0002
|-
|}

* C.f. [https://logbook.nsls2.bnl.gov/11-BM/#120_1 Olog: test of diffraction grating (80 nm pitch).]

===Flux===

====Full Beam====
At start of endstation (bim3 ionchamber):
* 1.6 ×1012 ph/s/0.1%bw (1.5 × 0.1 mrad; diagnostic mesh in-place; 13.5 keV, 250 mA ring current)
* 1.5 ×1111 ph/s/0.1%bw (0.1 × 0.1 mrad; 13.5 keV, 250 mA ring current)

Near sample position, full beam (no slits):
* '''1.3 ×1012 ph/s/0.1%bw''' (13.5 keV, 250 mA ring current)

====Normal Beam====
For 13.5 keV, 250 mA ring current, beam divergence 0.1 mrad H × 0.1 mrad V

====Small Beam====

For 13.5 keV, 250 mA ring current:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! S4 slits size (mm)
! beam divergence (mrad)
! beam V size at sample position (μm)
! beam flux at sample/detector (ph/s)
! olog
|-
|-
|-
| 0.100 H × 0.010 V
| 0.10 H × 0.10 V
| 33
| '''2×109'''
| [https://logbook.nsls2.bnl.gov/11-BM/#819_1 819_1]
|-
| 0.100 H × 0.010 V
| 0.10 H × 0.05 V
| 22
| '''1×109'''
| [https://logbook.nsls2.bnl.gov/11-BM/#821_1 821_1]
|-
|}

* With divergence of 0.1 mrad H x 0.05 mrad V and S4 beam size of 0.1 mm H x 0.01 mm V, "knife-edge" smy scan implies beam FWHM of ~ 22 um V at sample and flux of 1e+9 cts/s as measured at Pilatus (with attenuation factor included).

With divergence of 0.1 mrad H x 0.1 mrad V and S4 beam size of 0.1 mm H x 0.01 mm V, "knife-edge" smy scan implies beam FWHM of ~ 33 um V at sample and flux of 2e+9 cts/s as measured at

===Beam Size===
* Typical 50-100 µm
* Beam can be shaped (using slits) to 10 µm.

==Access==
CMS has taken 'first light' and is currently completing technical commissioning. General User access is scheduled for summer 2017. Access will be possible through the [http://www0.bnl.gov/ps/PASS/ NSLS-II proposal system], and through the [[CFN]] [https://www.bnl.gov/cfn/user/ proposal system]. Interested users should contact beamline staff.

==Contact==
* '''Beamline phone number''': 631-344-'''1911'''
===Beamline Staff===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| '''[http://staff.ps.bnl.gov/staff.aspx?id=10076 Masa Fukuto]''' (beamline lead)
* email: [mailto:fukuto@bnl.gov fukuto@bnl.gov]
* office phone: 631-344-'''5256'''
* office location: Bldg. 744 (green LOB of NSLS-II), room 4L108
| [[Image:Masa_Fukuto01.jpeg|150px|link=http://staff.ps.bnl.gov/staff.aspx?id=10076]]
|-
| Ruipeng Li (beamline staff)
* email: [mailto:rli@bnl.gov rli@bnl.gov]
* office phone: 631-344-'''????'''
* office location: Bldg. 744 (green LOB of NSLS-II), room 4L140
| [[Image:Ruipeng_Li01.jpg|150px|link=https://www.bnl.gov/]]
|-
| '''[https://www.bnl.gov/cfn/people/staff.php?q=150 Kevin Yager]''' (partner user beamline staff)
* email: [mailto:kyager@bnl.gov kyager@bnl.gov]
* office phone: 631-344-'''7608'''
* office location: Bldg. 735 (CFN), room 2018 (2nd floor, east side)
| [[Image:Kevin_Yager01.jpg|150px|link=https://www.bnl.gov/cfn/people/staff.php?q=150]]
|-
|-
|}

==Training==
* [https://www.bnl.gov/ps/training/Beamline-BST-Forms/PS-BST-11-BM.pdf Beamline Specific Training Form]

==Software==
* The CMS beamline configuration is stored at: [https://github.com/NSLS-II-CMS https://github.com/NSLS-II-CMS].
* See [[Software]] for a list of software useful in SAXS/WAXS experiments.

==See Also==
* [https://www.bnl.gov/ps/beamlines/beamline.php?b=CMS Official site]

CMS

2017-01-27T18:21:29Z

Nsls2user: /* Flux */

[[Image:logo_CMS_20.png|thumb|200px|right]]

The '''Complex Materials Scattering''' ('''CMS''') [[beamline]] at [[NSLS-II]] is a [[synchrotron]] instrument focused on [[x-ray]] [[scattering]]. It is located at 11-BM ([[bending magnet]] port) on the NSLS-II floor, and features a [[three-pole wiggler]] source. It can perform [[SAXS]] and [[WAXS]] experiments, focusing on high-throughput and 'intelligent' machine-guided exploration of parameter spaces.

[[Image:CMS_beamline01.jpg|thumb|500px|center]]

==Capabilities==
CHX can perform a variety of experiments:
* [[SAXS]]
* [[GISAXS]]
* [[GTSAXS]]
* [[WAXS]]
* [[GIWAXS]]

==Performance==
===Energy===
* Can perform experiments from 10 keV to 17 keV.
* Energy resolution (double multilayers): 10−3

===q-range===
* 0.003 Å−1 to 4.2 Å−1 (209 nm to 0.15 nm)

===Resolution===
Ultimate resolution (detector pixel limited) is 0.0002 Å−1.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! beam size (mm)
! beam divergence (mrad)
! pixel size (mm)
! pixel FW @ 5 m (mrad)
! pixel FW @ 5 m, 13.5 keV (Å−1)
! resolution, FWHM (Å−1)
|-
|-
|-
| 0.200
| 0.10
| 0.172
| 0.03
| 0.00024
| 0.0007
|-
| 0.100
| 0.05
| 0.172
| 0.03
| 0.00024
| 0.0002
|-
|}

* C.f. [https://logbook.nsls2.bnl.gov/11-BM/#120_1 Olog: test of diffraction grating (80 nm pitch).]

===Flux===

====Full Beam====
At start of endstation (bim3 ionchamber):
* 1.6 ×1012 ph/s/0.1%bw (1.5 × 0.1 mrad; diagnostic mesh in-place; 13.5 keV, 250 mA ring current)

Near sample position, full beam (no slits):
* '''1.3 ×1012 ph/s/0.1%bw''' (13.5 keV, 250 mA ring current)

====Normal Beam====
For 13.5 keV, 250 mA ring current, beam divergence 0.1 mrad H × 0.1 mrad V

====Small Beam====

For 13.5 keV, 250 mA ring current:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! S4 slits size (mm)
! beam divergence (mrad)
! beam V size at sample position (μm)
! beam flux at sample/detector (ph/s)
! olog
|-
|-
|-
| 0.100 H × 0.010 V
| 0.10 H × 0.10 V
| 33
| '''2×109'''
| [https://logbook.nsls2.bnl.gov/11-BM/#819_1 819_1]
|-
| 0.100 H × 0.010 V
| 0.10 H × 0.05 V
| 22
| '''1×109'''
| [https://logbook.nsls2.bnl.gov/11-BM/#821_1 821_1]
|-
|}

* With divergence of 0.1 mrad H x 0.05 mrad V and S4 beam size of 0.1 mm H x 0.01 mm V, "knife-edge" smy scan implies beam FWHM of ~ 22 um V at sample and flux of 1e+9 cts/s as measured at Pilatus (with attenuation factor included).

With divergence of 0.1 mrad H x 0.1 mrad V and S4 beam size of 0.1 mm H x 0.01 mm V, "knife-edge" smy scan implies beam FWHM of ~ 33 um V at sample and flux of 2e+9 cts/s as measured at

===Beam Size===
* Typical 50-100 µm
* Beam can be shaped (using slits) to 10 µm.

==Access==
CMS has taken 'first light' and is currently completing technical commissioning. General User access is scheduled for summer 2017. Access will be possible through the [http://www0.bnl.gov/ps/PASS/ NSLS-II proposal system], and through the [[CFN]] [https://www.bnl.gov/cfn/user/ proposal system]. Interested users should contact beamline staff.

==Contact==
* '''Beamline phone number''': 631-344-'''1911'''
===Beamline Staff===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| '''[http://staff.ps.bnl.gov/staff.aspx?id=10076 Masa Fukuto]''' (beamline lead)
* email: [mailto:fukuto@bnl.gov fukuto@bnl.gov]
* office phone: 631-344-'''5256'''
* office location: Bldg. 744 (green LOB of NSLS-II), room 4L108
| [[Image:Masa_Fukuto01.jpeg|150px|link=http://staff.ps.bnl.gov/staff.aspx?id=10076]]
|-
| Ruipeng Li (beamline staff)
* email: [mailto:rli@bnl.gov rli@bnl.gov]
* office phone: 631-344-'''????'''
* office location: Bldg. 744 (green LOB of NSLS-II), room 4L140
| [[Image:Ruipeng_Li01.jpg|150px|link=https://www.bnl.gov/]]
|-
| '''[https://www.bnl.gov/cfn/people/staff.php?q=150 Kevin Yager]''' (partner user beamline staff)
* email: [mailto:kyager@bnl.gov kyager@bnl.gov]
* office phone: 631-344-'''7608'''
* office location: Bldg. 735 (CFN), room 2018 (2nd floor, east side)
| [[Image:Kevin_Yager01.jpg|150px|link=https://www.bnl.gov/cfn/people/staff.php?q=150]]
|-
|-
|}

==Training==
* [https://www.bnl.gov/ps/training/Beamline-BST-Forms/PS-BST-11-BM.pdf Beamline Specific Training Form]

==Software==
* The CMS beamline configuration is stored at: [https://github.com/NSLS-II-CMS https://github.com/NSLS-II-CMS].
* See [[Software]] for a list of software useful in SAXS/WAXS experiments.

==See Also==
* [https://www.bnl.gov/ps/beamlines/beamline.php?b=CMS Official site]

CMS

2017-01-11T16:36:38Z

Nsls2user: /* Beamline Staff */

CMS

2017-01-10T20:10:54Z

Nsls2user: /* Flux */

Control System Studio

2017-01-06T21:51:12Z

Nsls2user: Created page with "===Determine a PV name=== Generally, one can do: : Right-click > Process Variable > Copy PV name to clip-board If this is not possible (e.g. sub-menu item), you can try: : cd ..."

===Determine a PV name===
Generally, one can do:
: Right-click > Process Variable > Copy PV name to clip-board
If this is not possible (e.g. sub-menu item), you can try:
: cd /epics/op/opi/css/xf/11bm/
: grep "Sample Exchange Arm" * -R
: nano es/arm.opi

Python:Speed

2017-01-06T20:20:59Z

Nsls2user:

[[Python]] is a powerful high-level programming language with a clean syntax. However, the flexibility and generality (e.g. dynamic typing) does have an associated performance cost. There are various strategies to improve the speed of execution of Python code:

# '''Re-code''': As always, the first thing to try is to identify the bottleneck in the code, and rework it. Typically, using the most appropriate algorithm can improve execution by orders-of-magnitude.
# '''Libraries''': Exploiting Python libraries (which are highly optimized and often written in lower-level languages) can greatly improve performance. In particular, using numpy for matrix-style numerical computations (rather than using expensive for-loops or other iterations) can massively speedup computations. Processing on images can be improved using the Python Image Library (PIL), etc.
# '''Externals''': Critical code can be written in C/C++, and called as a function within Python. This allows the computational bottleneck to be written in a more specialized and efficient manner.
#* SWIG ([http://www.swig.org/ official site], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWIG Wikipedia]) can provide a 50-200× speedup.
#* Cython ([http://cython.org/ official site, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cython Wikipedia]) is a version of Python with an interface for invoking C/C++ routines.
#* ctypes ([https://docs.python.org/2/library/ctypes.html documentation]) is a function library that provides C-compatible data types, allowing external libraries to be used in Python.
#* Python/C API ([http://dan.iel.fm/posts/python-c-extensions/ documentation], [http://dan.iel.fm/posts/python-c-extensions/ tutorial]) is available in Python, allowing C extensions to be directly called in Python without much overhead. This 'manual' method lacks the clean wrapping provided by the previously-enumerated methods, but is the most direct method and works well for calling small bits of code.
# '''JIT''': Just-in-time compilation (JIT) involves compiling Python code as it is needed. The compiling adds a speed penalty as code is first run, but improves overall execution speed if the code iterates over a large dataset.
#* Psycho ([http://psyco.sourceforge.net/ official site], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psyco Wikipedia]) provides a 2-4× speedup (100× in some cases). It is only 32-bit.
#* PyPy ([http://pypy.org/ official site], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PyPy Wikipedia]) is an alternative Python interpretation, which features JIT. It provides a 2-25× speedup. Unfortunately, modules/libraries have to be re-installed/re-compiled into the PyPy environment (separate from the usual Python environment).
#* Numba ([http://numba.pydata.org/ official site]) uses decorators to allow ultra-easy speedups. (CUDA extension also available.)
# '''Translation''': There are some attempts to automatically translate Python code into optimized lower-level code.
#* shedskin ([http://code.google.com/p/shedskin/ official site 1], [http://shedskin.github.io/ official site 2], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shed_Skin Wikipedia]) translates Python into C++, providing a 2-200× speedup. Most extensions/libraries are not currently supported. On the other hand, one can isolate some critical code and convert this to an optimized external that is called from conventional Python code.

==Matplotlib==
The [http://matplotlib.org/ Matplotlib] plotting package is popular and powerful. The plotting can sometimes be too slow for rapid animation-style plots. Refer to [http://bastibe.de/2013-05-30-speeding-up-matplotlib.html Speeding up Matplotlib] for some hints about improving plotting performance. Here is one example that compares two methods for refreshing a plot:

<source lang="python" line >
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import time

plt.ion()

imgs = np.random.random((100,100,100))
fig = plt.figure(0)
plt.imshow(imgs[0])

ax = plt.gca()
ch = ax.get_children()

plt.cla()
plt.show()

#slow method
tstart = time.time()
for i in np.arange(100):
print("iteration {}".format(i))
plt.cla()
plt.imshow(imgs[0])
plt.draw()
time.sleep(0.1)
plt.pause(.0001)
tend = time.time()
totslow = tend-tstart

plt.cla()

#fast method
tstart = time.time()
for i in np.arange(100):
print("iteration {}".format(i))
ch[2].set_data(imgs[i]) #ch[2] is the member of axes that stores the image, AxesImage object
ax.draw_artist(ch[2])
fig.canvas.blit()
fig.canvas.flush_events()
tend = time.time()
totfast = tend-tstart

print("Slow method timing: {} seconds".format(totslow))
print("Fast method timing: {} seconds".format(totfast))

</source>

==Numba==
Using [http://numba.pydata.org/ numba] is extremely easy:
<source lang="python">
from numba import jit

# jit decorator tells Numba to compile this function.
# The argument types will be inferred by Numba when function is called.
@jit
def func(x):
y = x*x
return y

</source>

Python:Speed

2017-01-06T20:18:24Z

Nsls2user:

NSLS-II Control Environments

2017-01-06T20:17:08Z

Nsls2user: /* Install package */

==Activate==
* To go into the standard collection environment:
*: bsui
* This is activate a conda environment, and then running ipython therein:
<source>
#! /bin/bash
V=17Q1.0
source /opt/conda/bin/activate collection-$V && ipython --profile=collection

</source>

==Install package==
===Using conda (preferred)===
: source activate collection # Or bsui
: conda search lxml
: conda search lxml -c conda-forge # Search within a specific repo
: conda install lxml -c conda-forge
: conda list >> ~conda_list_collection.txt # Save the package list, for future reference
: source deactivate

===From source===
: source activate collection
: python setup install
If you are developing code, and want to be continuously using the most up-to-date version of the code, you can use:
: python setup develop

2015-10-25T17:41:20Z

Nsls2user: /* Performance */

[[Image:logo_CHX_20.png|thumb|200px|right]]

The '''Coherent Hard X-ray''' ('''CHX''') [[beamline]] at [[NSLS-II]] is a [[synchrotron]] [[undulator]]-based instrument dedicated to nanometer-scale dynamics. It sits at beamport 11-[[Insertion device|ID]]. The instrument is primarily focused on enabling [[XPCS]] (X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy) measurements of [[coherent speckle|speckle]] fluctuation; measurement of the time correlation function can be used to quantify dynamics. Due to the high coherent brightness of the NSLS-II storage ring, CHX will enable measurements over timescales previously inaccessible.

Although CHX is focused on XPCS, it is also capable of exploiting its high beam coherence in other ways, such as [[coherent scattering]] or [[CDI]]. Additionally, the beamline is capable of more traditional [[scattering]] experiments, such as [[SAXS]] and [[WAXS]].

==Capabilities==
CHX can perform a variety of experiments:
* [[XPCS]]
* [[Coherent scattering]]
* [[SAXS]]
* [[WAXS]]
* All of these experiments can also be performed in grazing-incidence mode ([[GISAXS]]/[[GIWAXS]], etc.).

==Performance==
===Energy===
* Can perform experiments from 6 keV to 16 keV.
* Energy resolution ([[double crystal monochromator]]): 10−4

===q-range===
TBD

===Resolution===
TBD

===Flux===
At sample position:
* 5 ×1011 ph/s/0.01%bw (9 keV, 15 micron beam size)

===Beam Size===
* Unfocused beam sizes ~200 µm
* Focusing (H and V) available to ~10 µm (ultimate goal ~2 µm)

==Access==
CHX is currently commissioning. In the future, access will be possible through the [http://www0.bnl.gov/ps/PASS/ NSLS-II proposal system]. Interested users should contact beamline staff.

==See Also==
* [http://www.bnl.gov/ps/beamlines/beamline.php?b=CHX Official site]
* [http://www.bnl.gov/nsls2/beamlines/files/pdf/CHX.pdf Official summary PDF]
* [https://github.com/NSLS-II-CHX/chxtools chxtools] on GitHub